Abstract
Encephalitis is typically viral (approximately half of diagnosed cases) or autoimmune (about a quarter) with the remainder remaining undiagnosable at this time. All require general supportive care but only a minority requires intensive care admission – in these intubation, to protect the airway or to treat status epilepticus with anesthetic drugs, may be needed. In some dysautonomia with wide blood pressure fluctuations is the principal concern. Remarkably, in addition to supportive care, specific treatment options are available for the majority – immune-modulating therapy for those with autoimmune disorders, antiviral therapy for herpes simplex 1 and 2, and varicella-zoster encephalitis. Flavivirus infections (West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis) remain the most common other identified cause of encephalitis but no specific intervention is available. Overall long-term outcomes are favorable in the majority of patients with encephalitis, a proportion that hopefully will improve with further advances in diagnostic technology and therapeutic interventions.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Handbook of Clinical Neurology |
| Publisher | Elsevier B.V. |
| Pages | 337-347 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2017 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Publication series
| Name | Handbook of Clinical Neurology |
|---|---|
| Volume | 140 |
| ISSN (Print) | 0072-9752 |
| ISSN (Electronic) | 2212-4152 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Neurology
- Clinical Neurology
Cite this
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Diagnosis and management of acute encephalitis. / Halperin, J. J.
Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Elsevier B.V., 2017. p. 337-347 (Handbook of Clinical Neurology; Vol. 140).Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
TY - CHAP
T1 - Diagnosis and management of acute encephalitis
AU - Halperin, J. J.
PY - 2017/1/1
Y1 - 2017/1/1
N2 - Encephalitis is typically viral (approximately half of diagnosed cases) or autoimmune (about a quarter) with the remainder remaining undiagnosable at this time. All require general supportive care but only a minority requires intensive care admission – in these intubation, to protect the airway or to treat status epilepticus with anesthetic drugs, may be needed. In some dysautonomia with wide blood pressure fluctuations is the principal concern. Remarkably, in addition to supportive care, specific treatment options are available for the majority – immune-modulating therapy for those with autoimmune disorders, antiviral therapy for herpes simplex 1 and 2, and varicella-zoster encephalitis. Flavivirus infections (West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis) remain the most common other identified cause of encephalitis but no specific intervention is available. Overall long-term outcomes are favorable in the majority of patients with encephalitis, a proportion that hopefully will improve with further advances in diagnostic technology and therapeutic interventions.
AB - Encephalitis is typically viral (approximately half of diagnosed cases) or autoimmune (about a quarter) with the remainder remaining undiagnosable at this time. All require general supportive care but only a minority requires intensive care admission – in these intubation, to protect the airway or to treat status epilepticus with anesthetic drugs, may be needed. In some dysautonomia with wide blood pressure fluctuations is the principal concern. Remarkably, in addition to supportive care, specific treatment options are available for the majority – immune-modulating therapy for those with autoimmune disorders, antiviral therapy for herpes simplex 1 and 2, and varicella-zoster encephalitis. Flavivirus infections (West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis) remain the most common other identified cause of encephalitis but no specific intervention is available. Overall long-term outcomes are favorable in the majority of patients with encephalitis, a proportion that hopefully will improve with further advances in diagnostic technology and therapeutic interventions.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85016098176&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-444-63600-3.00018-0
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-444-63600-3.00018-0
M3 - Chapter
C2 - 28187808
AN - SCOPUS:85016098176
T3 - Handbook of Clinical Neurology
SP - 337
EP - 347
BT - Handbook of Clinical Neurology
PB - Elsevier B.V.
ER -